由于使用windows子系统，经常需要将windows的文件夹连接到linux的文件夹上，所以简单介绍下ln -s的使用方法。
1. 概述
Linux的ln命令是一个非常重要命令，它的功能是将一个文件在另外一个位置建立一个同步的链接。
一个地方修改，另一个地方也会同步的进行修改。
2. 用法
1. 默认创建硬链接，使用`-s`参数创建软链接
2. 默认每个要创建的链接都不应该存在
3. 当创建硬链接时，每个源目标必须存在。
2.1 /bin/ln [OPTION]… [-T] TARGET LINK_NAME
将源目标(TARGET)链接成LINK_NAME
2.2 /bin/ln [OPTION]… TARGET
在当前的文件夹创建与源目标(TARGET)相同名的链接
2.3 /bin/ln [OPTION]… TARGET… DIRECTORY
在文件夹DIRECTORY中为每个源目标TARGET创建链接
2.4 /bin/ln [OPTION]… -t DIRECTORY TARGET…
在文件夹DIRECTORY中为每个源目标TARGET创建链接
3. 参数对应表
| short | long | description | 描述 |
|---|---|---|---|
| –backup[=CONTROL] | make a backup of each existing destination file | 备份每个现有目标文件 | |
| -b | like –backup but does not accept an argument | 删除，覆盖以前建立的链接 | |
| -d,-F | –directory | allow the superuser to attempt to hard link directories (note: will probably fail due to system restrictions, even for the superuser) | 允许超级用户制作目录的硬链接 |
| -f | –force | remove existing destination files | 强制执行 |
| -i | –interactive | prompt whether to remove destinations | 交互模式，文件存在则提示用户是否覆盖 |
| -L | –logical | dereference TARGETs that are symbolic links | 解除TARGETs软链接 |
| -n | –no-dereference | treat LINK_NAME as a normal file if it is a symbolic link to a directory | 把符号链接视为一般目录 |
| -P | –physical | make hard links directly to symbolic links | 将硬链接改为软链接 |
| -r | –relative | create symbolic links relative to link location | 创建相对于链接位置的符号链接 |
| -s | –symbolic | make symbolic links instead of hard links | 软链接(符号链接) |
| -S | –suffix=SUFFIX | override the usual backup suffix | 字尾备份字符串 |
| -t | –target-directory=DIRECTORY | specify the DIRECTORY in which to create the links | 指定要在其中创建链接的文件夹 |
| -T | –no-target-directory | treat LINK_NAME as a normal file always | 始终将LINK_NAME视为普通文件 |
| -v | –verbose | print name of each linked file | 显示详细的处理过程 |
| –help | display this help and exit | 显示帮助信息 | |
| –version | output version information and exit | 显示版本信息 |
4. 英文说明
Usage: /bin/ln [OPTION]... [-T] TARGET LINK_NAME (1st form)
or: /bin/ln [OPTION]... TARGET (2nd form)
or: /bin/ln [OPTION]... TARGET... DIRECTORY (3rd form)
or: /bin/ln [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY TARGET... (4th form)
In the 1st form, create a link to TARGET with the name LINK_NAME.
In the 2nd form, create a link to TARGET in the current directory.
In the 3rd and 4th forms, create links to each TARGET in DIRECTORY.
Create hard links by default, symbolic links with --symbolic.
By default, each destination (name of new link) should not already exist.
When creating hard links, each TARGET must exist. Symbolic links
can hold arbitrary text; if later resolved, a relative link is
interpreted in relation to its parent directory.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
--backup[=CONTROL] make a backup of each existing destination file
-b like --backup but does not accept an argument
-d, -F, --directory allow the superuser to attempt to hard link
directories (note: will probably fail due to
system restrictions, even for the superuser)
-f, --force remove existing destination files
-i, --interactive prompt whether to remove destinations
-L, --logical dereference TARGETs that are symbolic links
-n, --no-dereference treat LINK_NAME as a normal file if
it is a symbolic link to a directory
-P, --physical make hard links directly to symbolic links
-r, --relative create symbolic links relative to link location
-s, --symbolic make symbolic links instead of hard links
-S, --suffix=SUFFIX override the usual backup suffix
-t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY specify the DIRECTORY in which to create
the links
-T, --no-target-directory treat LINK_NAME as a normal file always
-v, --verbose print name of each linked file
--help display this help and exit
--version output version information and exit
The backup suffix is '~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.
The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or through
the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable. Here are the values:
none, off never make backups (even if --backup is given)
numbered, t make numbered backups
existing, nil numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise
simple, never always make simple backups
Using -s ignores -L and -P. Otherwise, the last option specified controls
behavior when a TARGET is a symbolic link, defaulting to -P.
GNU coreutils online help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
Report ln translation bugs to <http://translationproject.org/team/>
Full documentation at: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/ln>
or available locally via: info '(coreutils) ln invocation'
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